On this day, devotees, especially women observing the fast (Vrati), begin their spiritual journey with purification rituals. After taking a holy bath, they prepare and consume a special satvik (pure vegetarian) meal cooked without onion, garlic, or regular salt – symbolizing purity and devotion.
Nahay Khay, which translates to “bathe and eat,” symbolizes internal and external purification before beginning the arduous fasting of Chhath Puja. It is believed that consuming clean, sattvic food strengthens both body and mind, helping devotees sustain the upcoming 36-hour waterless fast with devotion and endurance.
The Sacred Menu: Lauki, Chana Dal, Sarson Saag, and Gur
Lauki (Bottle Gourd): Symbol of Purity and Health
Lauki or bottle gourd curry, prepared using pure ghee and sendha namak (rock salt), forms the core of the Nahay Khay meal. Light and easily digestible, it provides strength to the fasting devotee. Its cooling and detoxifying properties help prepare the body for the days of fasting ahead.
Chana Dal: A Source of Strength and Devotion
Chana dal (split Bengal gram) holds deep symbolic and nutritional value. It is believed to be pure and energy-giving, empowering women to perform rigorous rituals and maintain their devotion throughout the fasting period. Its inclusion also promotes muscle strength and endurance during the fast.
Sarson Ka Saag: Warmth and Energy for the Cold Season
Sarson ka saag (mustard greens) is traditionally included for its warm nature. Since Chhath is often celebrated during the onset of winter, consuming saag helps retain body heat and prevents cold while devotees stand in chilly river waters to offer Arghya to the Sun God.
Gur (Jaggery): Symbol of Solar Energy and Sweetness of Faith
Gur or jaggery, often used in sweet dishes like kheer during Chhath rituals, symbolizes the Sun’s energy. Ayurveda also recognizes gur as a natural cleanser and energy booster. Its warm taseer (effect) keeps the body strong and prevents fatigue during fasting and prayers offered at dawn and dusk.
The Ritual of Purity and Family Unity
Meals prepared on Nahay Khay are cooked in new or thoroughly cleansed utensils, using firewood or clay stoves to maintain sanctity. Devotees ensure that every ingredient is pure, symbolizing the cleansing of one’s inner self from impurities. Family members, too, partake in the same meal, marking unity and collective devotion.
According to Hindu tradition, this ritual not only honors Surya Dev but also Chhathi Maiya, the goddess believed to protect children and ensure family well-being. The festival celebrates the harmony between nature and human life, expressing gratitude for sunlight, water, and fertility.
Chhath Puja 2025 Schedule
- October 25 (Saturday): Nahay Khay
- October 26 (Sunday): Kharna
- October 27 (Monday): Sandhya Arghya (Evening Offering)
- October 28 (Tuesday): Usha Arghya (Morning Offering) and conclusion of fast