An institute under the Department of Science and Technology (DST) in Northeast India has developed a novel bio-based surfactant that could serve as a safer and eco-friendly substitute for synthetic lubricants widely used in the cosmetic industry. The newly synthesised compound demonstrates antibacterial and cleansing properties, offering promising applications in skincare and pharmaceutical products.
The study was led by Prof. Ashis K. Mukherjee, Director of the Institute of Advanced Study in Science and Technology (IASST), along with Prof. M. R. Khan and Senior Research Fellow Ms. Anushree Roy. The team synthesised the biosurfactant using the probiotic strain Lactobacillus plantarum JBC5.
Interestingly, the researchers employed ghee, a lipid-rich dairy product widely used in Indian households, as a substrate to facilitate biosurfactant production. This innovative approach utilised a culturally familiar and naturally abundant material to generate a value-added compound.
Promising Antibacterial and Cleansing Properties
Laboratory findings reveal that the biosurfactant is effective against Staphylococcus aureus, a bacterium responsible for various skin and wound infections. Its antibacterial action enhances its potential application in cosmetic and medicinal formulations.
When blended with commercial face washes, the compound demonstrated improved stain removal efficiency. The lipopeptide biosurfactant achieved a maximum emulsification index of 60 percent for edible oils and significantly reduced surface tension, matching the performance of conventional surfactants.
Additionally, the compound exhibited exceptional thermal stability, remaining effective at temperatures up to 276 degrees Celsius, and maintained stability across diverse pH levels.
Optimised Production and Industrial Potential
The team achieved optimum production of the biosurfactant through response surface statistical analysis, a technique used to optimise biochemical processes. This ensured higher yield and efficiency during synthesis.
Surfactants play a crucial role as lubricants, emulsifiers, and dispersants in multiple industries, particularly cosmetics and pharmaceuticals. However, growing environmental and health concerns linked to synthetic variants have intensified the search for biodegradable and less toxic alternatives.
The newly developed biosurfactant offers a potential solution by combining performance with sustainability. Its bio-based origin and natural substrate reduce environmental impact while maintaining industrial utility.
Path Toward Commercialisation
The scientists are currently conducting further toxicity assessments and dose standardisation studies to ensure safety for human use. Collaborative research with industry partners is also underway to accelerate commercial adoption.
If successfully commercialised, the compound could provide cosmetic manufacturers with an eco-friendly substitute for artificial surfactants while contributing to India’s growing bio-economy.
The innovation underscores the expanding role of scientific institutions in Northeast India in advancing sustainable technologies with national and global relevance.