The IAF contingent arrived in France on November 10, 2025, and includes Su-30MKI multirole fighters. Strategic airlift for induction and de-induction has been provided by C-17 Globemaster III aircraft, while IL-78 air-to-air refuelling tankers will extend the operational range and endurance of participating fighters during complex sorties.
Garuda 25 will focus on integrated mission profiles: air-to-air combat, air defence operations and joint strike missions. Exercises are designed to replicate high-intensity scenarios so both air forces can refine tactics, communications, and command-and-control procedures under simulated operational stress.
IAF Su-30MKIs will operate alongside French multirole fighters in mixed formations, practising beyond-visual-range engagements, close combat manoeuvres and coordinated strike packages. The inclusion of aerial refuelling and long-range airlift also trains crews in sustainment and force-projection tasks essential to modern expeditionary operations.
Interoperability and Professional Exchange
Beyond flying drills, Garuda 25 offers platforms for professional exchange. Aircrew and ground personnel will participate in mission-planning exercises, maintenance cross-training, and tactical debriefs to share operational best practices. Such interactions strengthen mutual understanding of doctrine and logistics, enhancing future coalition operations.
“Exercises like Garuda develop trust, improve procedures and enable both air forces to learn from each other’s operational experience,” an IAF spokesperson said. The IAF’s participation underlines India’s commitment to constructive engagement with friendly foreign air forces through multilateral and bilateral exercises.
Force Projection and Logistics
The use of the C-17 Globemaster III for strategic airlift highlights the logistical reach that modern air forces require. IL-78 tankers allow fighters to conduct extended missions without dependence on forward basing—an important capability in joint operations across distant theatres.
These logistics and force-sustainment practices will be rehearsed during the exercise, giving planners and crews real-world experience in rapid deployment, aerial refuelling procedures, and multinational base operations.
Strategic Significance
Garuda 25 takes place against the backdrop of deepening defence ties between India and France, which include technology collaboration, joint acquisitions and regular military exchanges. The exercise reinforces defence diplomacy and contributes to regional stability by improving collective response capabilities.
For official updates and background, see the Press Information Bureau release and the Ministry of Defence briefings.
Safety, Conduct and Environmental Compliance
Both air forces will adhere to strict safety protocols and local environmental regulations during the exercise. Mission planners routinely coordinate with host-nation authorities to manage airspace, noise mitigation and ecological safeguards around training ranges.