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India-US Sign Landmark 10-Year Defence Framework Agreement

The governments of India and the United States have formally signed a ten-year defence framework agreement, signalling a major leap in bilateral strategic cooperation. The pact was inked on 31 October 2025 in Kuala Lumpur during a meeting between India’s Defence Minister Rajnath Singh and U.S. Secretary of War (Defence) Pete Hegseth. Key Terms of the Agreement
The framework emphasises enhanced coordination, intelligence and information-sharing, and increased technology cooperation between the two militaries. Secretary Hegseth described it as a “cornerstone for regional stability and deterrence.”

Defence Minister Singh called the pact the start of a “new chapter” in India-US relations, emphasising that defence remains a major pillar of bilateral partnership and that the deal will guide the entire spectrum of defence cooperation over the coming decade.

Strategic Context

This agreement comes at a time when India-US relations are subject to competing dynamics, including brisk trade negotiations and broader geopolitical manoeuvres in the Indo-Pacific region.

In the run-up to this agreement, trade tensions between Washington and New Delhi had surfaced, yet both sides appear to have chosen to reinforce defence ties while managing economic differences.

Implications for Indo-Pacific Security

Analysts view the framework as part of a broader shift in strategic cooperation — not only between India and the US, but also within regional alignments in the Indo-Pacific.

The pact offers India a stronger relationship with the US in defence technology and interoperability, while enabling the US to reinforce its strategic depth in a region marked by rising competition.

What Comes Next?

The agreement lays out a policy-level direction, but specifics on manufacture, technology transfers, procurement or exercises are yet to be released. Defence ministries from both countries will likely announce follow-up steps and working groups in due course.

Given India’s recent defence-industrial push and its desire to diversify away from legacy suppliers, this pact sets the stage for more technology cooperation and defence trade with the US.

 

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