Kavach 4.0 represents a major upgrade in India’s railway signalling system. Certified to Safety Integrity Level–4 (SIL-4), it assists Loco Pilots by automatically applying brakes in unsafe scenarios, including speed violations and potential collision risks, thereby enhancing operational safety even in adverse conditions.
Key enhancements in Kavach 4.0 include improved location accuracy, better signal aspect information in complex station yards, station-to-station optical fibre interface for faster communication, and direct integration with existing electronic interlocking systems. These upgrades make the system robust, responsive, and suitable for deployment across India’s dense rail network.
Expansion and Impact
Currently, Kavach has been implemented on over 2,200 route kilometres, reflecting Indian Railways’ commitment to deploying indigenous technologies for enhanced passenger safety and operational reliability. The commissioning of Kavach 4.0 on the Bajwa–Ahmedabad section underscores the focus on creating a safer and smarter rail network nationwide.
By leveraging this advanced technology, Indian Railways aims to reduce accidents, improve train punctuality, and enhance overall passenger confidence. Continuous improvements based on operational experience and independent safety assessments have ensured that Kavach 4.0 meets global safety standards.