What is Pitru Paksha?
Pitru Paksha is observed annually during the lunar month of Bhadrapada (September-October). Hindus believe that during this period, the souls of their ancestors visit Earth, and rituals performed in their honor help them attain moksha (liberation). Families perform Shraddh, Tarpan, and Daan (charity) to pay respects to their forefathers.
The rituals are traditionally carried out by the eldest son or a male relative. Offerings typically include food, water, sesame seeds, and favorite dishes of the departed soul. It is believed that by performing these rites, ancestors bless their families with peace, prosperity, and protection.
The 2025 Shraddh schedule is as follows:
- September 7: Purnima Shraddh
- September 8: Pratipada Shraddh
- September 9: Dwitiya Shraddh
- September 10: Tritiya Shraddh
- September 11: Chaturthi Shraddh
- September 12: Panchami Shraddh
- September 13: Shashthi Shraddh
- September 14: Saptami Shraddh
- September 15: Ashtami Shraddh
- September 16: Navami Shraddh
- September 17: Dashami Shraddh
- September 18: Ekadashi Shraddh
- September 19: Dwadashi Shraddh
- September 20: Trayodashi Shraddh
- September 21: Chaturdashi Shraddh & Sarvapitri Amavasya
Rituals and Traditions
During Pitru Paksha, people wake up early, take a holy bath, and perform tarpan with water and black sesame seeds. Special shraddh bhoj (feast) is prepared and offered to Brahmins, cows, crows, and needy people. Donations such as food, clothes, and money are also considered auspicious.
According to Hindu belief, Pitru Paksha is not considered favorable for new beginnings, marriages, or purchasing valuables like gold and property. Instead, the focus remains on remembering ancestors and performing good deeds in their name.
Significance of Pitru Paksha
The spiritual essence of Pitru Paksha lies in the idea of gratitude and continuity of lineage. By remembering and offering prayers to their ancestors, families strengthen their connection with past generations. It is believed that these rites help departed souls achieve peace while ensuring blessings for the living.
Hindu scriptures such as the Garuda Purana and Mahabharata highlight the importance of Shraddh, stating that neglecting these rituals may disrupt family prosperity. Hence, Pitru Paksha remains an integral observance across India, especially in states like Bihar, Uttar Pradesh, Maharashtra, and West Bengal.