The security fence in Punjab is not the actual international border but a wire-mesh barricade installed primarily during the 1990s to curb cross-border infiltration and smuggling. Under international norms, permanent structures are meant to be built beyond 150 metres of the actual border, also known as the zero line.
However, in several stretches of Punjab, the fence was constructed two to three kilometres inside Indian territory due to terrain constraints and security assessments at the time. As a result, large areas of fertile agricultural land were left outside the fencing.
Why Farmers Have Suffered for Decades
Punjab shares a 523-kilometre-long international border with Pakistan. More than 90% of this stretch, excluding riverine sections along the Ravi and Sutlej and marshy areas, is fenced. Thousands of acres of farmland lie beyond this fence, making daily access a challenge for farmers.
To reach their own fields, farmers have had to cross security gates after verification of identity cards and under escort by the Border Security Force (BSF). Cultivation is often restricted to fixed hours, typically between 9 am and 4 pm, causing severe disruption to agricultural work.
What the Proposed Shift Means
If the fencing is realigned closer to the international border, vast tracts of land will come back on the accessible side of the fence. This would allow farmers to cultivate freely without daily security clearances and time restrictions.
Chief Minister Mann said the move would restore dignity and economic stability to border farmers who have lived under constant uncertainty despite farming their own land. He stressed that the shift would be done without weakening border security arrangements.
Economic and Social Impact
Beyond physical access issues, farmers have also faced irrigation problems. Tubewell connections are often not permitted beyond the fence, forcing cultivators to rely on inadequate water sources. Farm labourers, including women, have undergone daily security checks, leading to mental and physical stress.
Punjab ministers and local leaders have described the proposed decision as a major humanitarian and economic relief. Thousands of farming families are expected to benefit directly once the fence realignment is executed.
Security Concerns and Recent Tensions
The issue of border fencing has gained urgency amid heightened security concerns following recent cross-border tensions and counter-terror operations in northern India. Officials have repeatedly stated that any decision regarding fencing will balance civilian needs with national security imperatives.
Punjab has witnessed increased vigilance along the border in recent years, with security agencies maintaining a high alert against infiltration attempts.
Awaiting Official Confirmation
While the Chief Minister’s announcement has raised hopes among farmers, the absence of an official communication from the Home Ministry means procedural clearances and security assessments are still pending.
Once approved, the project will require coordination between the Ministry of Home Affairs, BSF, Punjab government, and district administrations to ensure smooth execution.